If you started learning the English language, you first need to know some basic information about the language, in other words, you need to know some basic rules. Developing a solid and simply structure in English grammar will help you to create own sentences easily, and will make easier the improvement of your communication skills in the spoken and written English. Some basic rules are:
Singular and Plural Nouns
Pronouns
“Be” verbs
SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS
When you start learning a language, nouns are the first thing that you study. Singular and Plural nouns should be the first topic when you try to comprehend and understand a “new language”.
Plural form in most nouns, just adds an “-s”
Bottle - bottles
Cup - cups
Car - cars
Window - windows
For nouns that end in “ch”, “x”, “s”, or “s sounds”, add “-es”
Box - boxes
Watch - watches
Bus - buses
Ax - axes
For nouns ending in “f” or “fe”, the letter “f” will be replaced by “v” and add “-es”
Wolf - wolves
Wife - wives
Leaf - leaves
Life - lives
Some words have different plural forms
Child - children
Man - men
Woman - women
Mouse - mice
Some words that end in vowels like “o”, or in “y”, do not have definite rules
Baby - babies
Toy - toys
Memo - memos
Stereo - stereos
Some nouns have the same singular and plural forms
Sheep - sheep
Deer - deer
Series - series
Species - species
Here you have a quiz we have prepared if you want to challenge yourself http://www.quiz-maker.com/QT4NYFQ
PRONOUNS
A pronoun takes the place of a noun. A different pronoun is required depending on two elements: the noun being replaced and the function that noun has in the sentence. In English, pronouns only take the gender of the noun they replace in the 3rd person singular form. The 2nd person plural pronouns are identical to the 2nd person singular pronouns except for the reflexive pronoun.
Subject pronouns: replace nouns that are the subject of their clause. In the 3rd person, subject pronouns are often used to avoid repetition of the subject's name.
I am 16
You seem lost
We are not coming
Object pronouns: are used to replace nouns that are the direct or indirect object of a clause.
Give the book to me
Tell them to do that
Jason can’t find it
Possessive adjectives: are not pronouns, but rather determiners. It is useful to learn them at the same time as pronouns, however, because they are similar in form to the possessive pronouns. Possessive adjectives function as adjectives, so they appear before the noun they modify. They do not replace a noun as pronouns do.
Did mother find my shoes?
The cat broke its leg
This is our house
Possessive Pronouns: replace possessive nouns as either the subject or the object of a clause. Because the noun being replaced doesn't appear in the sentence, it must be clear from the context.
This car is mine
That house is ours
That bag looks like his.
Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns: are the same set of words but they have different functions in a sentence
Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of the clause because the subject of the action is also the direct or indirect object. Only certain types of verbs can be reflexive. You cannot remove a reflexive pronoun from a sentence because the remaining sentence would be grammatically incorrect.
I told myself to calm down
The cat threw itself under my car
The children can take care of themselves
Intensive pronouns emphasize the subject of a clause. They are not the object of the action. The intensive pronoun can always be removed from a sentence without changing the meaning significantly, although the emphasis on the subject will be removed. Intensive pronouns can be placed immediately after the subject of the clause, or at the end of the clause.
I made these cookies myself
My teacher didn’t know the answer herself
“BE” VERBS
“Be” verbs show action or a state of being. In English, this verb can be used to say different things according to a specific context. However, the most common use of the verb to be is to talk about names, age, feeling, nationalities, and professions, especially when you are talking in the present tense.
Here you have a link to a quiz we made ourselves in case you want to test your abilities http://www.quiz-maker.com/QYLUZRB
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